He watched as the Tesla tandem conducted a left turn at a street up ahead of him, disappeared around the block for half a mile, then drove by him again—once, then twice, then again and again.
“That’s all they did—around the same block over and over and over, all day long,” Pfister says in an interview.
Since Pfister’s spotting of the vehicles a few weeks ago, a handful of white Teslas (and some black and gray Teslas too) have frequented the streets of Pfister’s small neighborhood, driving the same routes and taking the same turns repeatedly—typically with drivers in the front seat, though two residents in the neighborhood that Fortune interviewed say they have seen some driverless vehicles with someone in the passenger seat. Another resident saw Teslas without anyone in them at all on multiple occasions.
When the sightings of Tesla’s robotaxis began a few weeks ago, they raised alarm among some of the people who lived in the neighborhood. A couple of residents took to the community messaging platform Nextdoor to query their neighbors as to why white Teslas—with drivers—were parking in front of their houses for long stretches of time. “It’s freaking me out,” one woman posted.
Anastasia Maren, 24, who moved into the neighborhood last month, said she has seen Teslas drive by or park in front of her duplex repeatedly since she moved in, particularly when she is going on walks.
“They stare you down as if you’re in their way, or you’re the one who shouldn’t be here,” Maren says of the drivers. She says that while she has sometimes seen the vehicles driving around with only someone in the passenger seat—she often sees a person in the driver’s seat controlling the vehicles. “Sometimes I can see the person actually turning the wheel,” she says.
A 37-year-old Austin resident, Robert Yeats, who lives in an apartment complex further north in the neighborhood than Maren and Pfister, says he sees white Teslas line up in front of his apartment, parked and with their hazard lights on, often in groups of about four. In some cases, the Teslas were parked in the middle of the road with their hazard lights on, forcing other drivers to go around them. According to one resident, the tests have occurred as late as 10 p.m. None of the residents Fortune spoke to said they had received any notice or information from Tesla about the testing in their neighborhood.
But the Tesla sightings add to the questions that many industry observers have about the viability of the company’s technology and approach to autonomous driving. While other autonomous vehicle companies have needed to digitally map roads and neighborhoods before launch, Tesla claims that its camera-only system doesn’t require high-definition mapping, radar, or lidar technology. According to the company, its approach to autonomous driving is less expensive and more adaptable than the competition: instead of mapping an area for months, Tesla cars can figure out the terrain wherever they are. But if that’s the case, why are Teslas driving around the same streets of one neighborhood over and over—and why do many of the vehicles have someone driving them?
“I thought, well, maybe they’re just in the driver’s seat, so that if something goes wrong, they can grab the steering wheel. But they are actually driving the car,” Pfister says, noting that he has seen the drivers with their hands on the steering wheel. “They are actually driving the car, so it’s not driverless. I don’t really understand.”
Tesla did not respond to a request for comment.
But it’s along a few blocks of the neighborhood in southeast Austin where Tesla has been conducting its regular, real-world testing in the weeks before launch. There’s a Tesla Supercharger station just across a busy street—the only station for about two miles—as well as a Tesla collision center less than two miles down the road. The neighborhood itself features quiet streets, though Teslas will have to cross a busy road to get to the charging station. There aren’t sidewalks on the residential streets, so residents walk their dogs or push strollers on the street itself—giving the cars an opportunity to operate with obstacles in a controlled environment. The three residents tell Fortune that the cars appear to operate at speeds no greater than 25 miles per hour.
